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3 Kinds of Alternative Energy From The Ocean

Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) was conceived by the French engineer Jacques D’Arsonval in 1881. However, at the time of this writing the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii is home to the only operating experimental OTEC plant on the face of the earth. Ocean thermal energy would be very clean burning and not add pollutants into the air; however, unless new technology is discovered, OTEC plants could disrupt and perhaps damage the local environment.

There are three kinds of OTEC…

“Closed Cycle OTEC” uses a low-boiling point liquid such as propane to act as an intermediate fluid. The OTEC plant pumps the warm sea water into the reaction chamber and boils the intermediate fluid. This results in the intermediate fluid’s vapor pushing the turbine of the engine… thus generating electricity. The vapor is then cooled down by putting in cold sea water.

“Open Cycle OTEC” is not that different from closed cycling, except there is no intermediate fluid. The sea water itself drives the turbine engine in this OTEC format. Warm sea water found on the surface of the ocean is turned into a low-pressure vapor under the constraint of a vacuum. Low-pressure vapor released into a focused area has the power to drive the turbine. To cool down the vapor and create de-salinated water for human consumption, the deeper ocean’s cold waters are added to the vapor after it has generated sufficient electricity.

“Hybrid Cycle OTEC” is really just a theory for the time being. It seeks to describe the way that we could make maximum usage of the thermal energy of the ocean’s waters. There are actually two sub-theories to the theory of Hybrid Cycling. The first involves using a closed cycling to generate electricity. This electricity is in turn used to create the vacuum environment needed for open cycling. The second component is the integration of two open cyclings so that twice the amount of desalinated, potable water is created with just one open cycle.

In addition to being used for producing electricity, a closed cycle OTEC plant can be utilized for treating chemicals. OTEC plants, both open cycling and close cycling kinds, can also be utilized for pumping up cold deep sea water to be used for refrigeration and air conditioning. Furthermore, during the moderation period when the sea water is surrounding the plant, the enclosed area can be used for mariculture and aquaculture projects such as fish farming.

There is clearly quite an array of products and services that we could derive from this alternative energy source.

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